What’s “higher education”, exactly? Anything after high school (does it include community college… associates degrees, etc?) Which states/countries were sampled?
I have a tough time believing data would show a statistically significant gap, with “more females now enrolling in higher education”, unless “higher education” was limited to “College”, as must of us view it in the U.S.
A lot of men start working right our of high school (without a huge amount of prior “book learning”) or starting in their early 20s, in “construction”… which I use as a general “catch all” for the various trades relating to the construction and proper functioning of buildings, external and internal, not just refer to the image of “construction workers”. There are A LOT of men working in these areas. The bulk of them aren’t making big bucks, but those with more specialized knowledge are. And a lot of them don’t have to spend very much on school before getting started, which in a way is like a mentorship, and you can take night classes over extended periods of time, to get further learning and credentials to move up to higher positions of authority (more money). I am not sure, but I think a lot of other countries have social programs/schools (set up) like this… at relatively young age (16? probably 18 for some) children either go to a vocational school (for like 4 or 5 years?), or an academic school. At the vocational schools they end up studying how to do a pretty specific kind of job and trade. But in the U.S. our school institutions, tv shows and other cultural voices don’t really emphasize these things… it’s more just “get into a good college”, which most people see as undergraduate education.
Anyway, I imagine those research results are mostly from universities (academic institutions). Sure, you can say that the data doesn’t include a lot of women who are in (for the most part) women-specific vocational schools (like “beauty” schools), but you have to consider the large male majority in law enforcement, “construction” (which as I said isn’t limited to those “construction workers”, but plumbers… both the “come to your house and fix something” plumbers and the blueprint and construct the plumbing systems for new buildings plumbers, electricians, etc.), as well as technical and graphical design schools (I’m not being sexist, fact is more guys seem to enjoy computers and the latest computer technologies enough to spend a lot of their time becoming competent with them before going onto to professional training in related areas).
So I wouldn’t say the data suggests women “on top”. I mean I went to a respectable University, got a double major in four years, and I’m making about 12 an hour… working about 30 a week because the company restricts most of us to less than full time so they don’t have to give us benefits. A friend of mine didn’t go to college, but works as an electrician and has taken night class once a week for a couple years and is now certified so he oversees the electrical work in studios and various other large-scale buildings. He makes about 5x as much as I do per hour. So, as you are defining it, I am certainly not “on top”. Also, he’s actually DOING something with his job. Lighting is a very solid, needed thing. I have absolutely no pride in the results of my work… which really only is a kind of “work” because Capitalism exists.
Unless you plan on goings for a masters and/or PHD (or any further vocational program), a University pretty much comes down to a ridiculous amount of money required to give you the equivalent of what a high school diploma was decades ago. All it does is make you more attractive for jobs involving communicating with others and having to think (with some logic) for yourself every once and awhile. I learned alot, it served a good educational experience for me, but in terms of making money it hasn’t amounted to THAT much. Though I admit SOME of it comes down to my own idiosynchracies that have prevented me from pursuing and keeping “more successful” “careers”. Just saying, it’s not like the degree assures you a middle class income or anything.