Well, I have the graduate course credits to prove to myself and the university that gave me my degree that say otherwise.
And you have the crazy idea that somehow people have, for over 100 years, missed a simple mathematical mistake in special relativity. Since many people have shown you where you went wrong, to the point of finally banning you for pigheadedness on other boards, we can all consider your “paradox” solved.
It is not an ad hominem to point out that you are incompetent at the relevant science and that this makes us ask you to actually demonstrate your claims with more evidence.
Not really. The equation does tell you that there’s an awful lot of energy tied up in even a small amount of matter, but the atom bomb really came out of an understanding of atoms and binding energy. Have a read of this Einstein Online article for details.
I am trying to wrap my mind around the formula.
I have been trying to think it through in terms of potential to cause change. Like this:
A bit of matter consists of a lot of crunched activity.
This activity is the potential to cause change.
The potential to cause change has a maximum rate of causing change.
This maximum rate is tied tot he speed of light - light travels at the maximum rate of change-of-potential.
Bit sof matter like an electron are cases of potential to cause change constantly affecting itself. What it exerts, it receives of itself. it stays the same while ‘self-causing’ it’s activity, which is electromagentism.
C is enclosed in the electron as E.
In order to have this potential be absorbed by a greater whole, a potential corresponding to the max rate of change has to be exerted on the electron to ‘‘neutralize’’ it - to cause its potential to merge with something else.
So the C embedded in the electron is multiplied by the potential required to change its behavior.
The potential of the electron is translated into mass by enclosing that potential by matching it.
I can’t get this into words properly. I hope I make enough sense so as for someone to be able to point out where I’m going wrong.
When you first asked this question, about a year and half ago, I was still laboring under the theory that a particle was a “tumbling bundle” of EM wave. RM taught me a lot since then. Today, I understand what is really going on.
What we call physics today has a bit of a corrupted ontology causing quite a bit of confusion, so let me try to explain this in terms of RM translated to the more loosely defined common physics terms.
Energy by concept is the ability to cause change or to affect. “Potential energy” in RM is the Potential-to-Affect, PtA. But the changing of that potential is itself a form of energy referred to as “Affectance” which is related to “radiant energy” and “mass”. That changing takes place over time and distance. A particle and its mass is formed merely due to the clustering of that propagation of changing, the affectance, not of the PtA itself.
So the energy associated with a particle is the amount of affectance (the changing) that has clustered around a location.
The affectance clusters or congests in a location merely due to a maximum rate of change that gets challenged by the random changing going on at and very near the location. As small changes add to each other, they end up having to delay their propagation simply because potential can’t change as fast as they would have had it change such as to continue it velocity. As delays occur, those delays create more delays because the changing wasn’t getting out of the way of new changes being introduced, thus the particle grows.
Due to the 3D universe, there is a fixed volume wherein the amount of delaying compared to the amount of new encounters becomes balanced and the growth stops. Thus a particle is formed with a fixed size. A particle doesn’t have an actual finite border, but at a specific radius, the amount of recursive delaying drops off quickly. The additional delaying still occurring in much less density outside that radius is referred to as the mass field or gravity field. The outer mass field also causes delays, but not significant enough to be considered as a part of the particle, as expressed in this piece concerning the movement of a particle;
Asking how much energy is within a particle is like asking how many people are within that crowd. But realize that the number of people within the defined crowd area is going to be directly dependent upon how fast those people walk around. We could say that at the center, they get delayed to the point of having to temporarily stop regardless of how fast they normally walk. As the people shift closer to the edge of the crowd, they can return to their normal walking speed. So the “propagation speed” of the people decelerates and then accelerates back to normal. Thus the “mass” of the crowd is determined by the amount of delay in their propagation speed. And the number of them within that mass is the amount of potential energy within that massing of them.
I don’t think that I can address that equation, E=mc^2, without going through more detail concerning the exact relationship between the ontological components that make up RM and physics.
The potential to cause change can be distributed over a distance but it cannot be a local potential to cause change if the potential is evenly distributed because if all points have the exact same potential to affect each other, none of them can actually be affect. Thus their true potential would be zero. The potential must vary from point to point else there is no means to cause actual change. And as such changing occurs, the location of the changing must shift or “the changing must propagate”. When it propagates, it is referred to as “radiant energy” and propagates at the “speed of light”.
The propagation speed within “free space” is the same regardless of the amount of potential that is changing, regardless of the amount of “radiant energy”. Thus if the amount of radiant energy is to be different at any time, it is only the amount of potential that can vary such as to cause any bit of radiant energy from being any more or less than any other. Thus when analyzing how much “energy” is within a bundle of radiant energy, it is the total summed up potential energy that is being measured.
The equation in question involves the entities known at the time; “energy”, “mass”, and “propagation speed, c”. Thus to explain that equation, RM concepts have to be translated so as to reflect those concerns. And the basic concern involves how much radiant energy is being held within a confident space.
Energy = Affectance = changing of the PtA = PtA/t
Radiant Energy = propagating PtA/t = RptA
Propagation Speed = distance/time = c
Mass = radiant energy within a volume
The affectance, PtA/t, is the amount of radiant energy, RPtA, within a given amount of distance, RPtA/d.
Thus the amount of RPtA within a given distance, RptA/d, is the amount of changing PtA, PtA/t, divided by speed that it traverses that distance; time/distance, t/d, “1/c”.
The total amount of RPtA/d within a given distance is the amount PtA/t divided by the speed of propagation, c. Or the amount of radiant energy within a given distance is the amount of affectance divided by c.
Radiant energy / d = Potential energy / c
What is called “mass” in physics is a reflection of the amount of delay going on that doesn’t exist in free flow radiance. And it is from such delays that inertia is created. So obviously there is a connection between the mass and the energy within because the measure of the mass is the amount of energy being delayed.
In RM, the term “mass” doesn’t exist but is strongly related to inertia or the reluctance to change and the delay of affectance due to the maximum rate of change. The maximum rate of change is the anentropic element that not only causes the delays that create inertia and the particle to form, but also directly causes the propagation speed of the affectance or “speed of light”.
This creates the situation wherein the propagation speed plays upon itself such as to cause a delay upon itself. As PtA changes propagate into each other, they add such as to create a proposed rate of change that exceeds the maximum possible and thus propagation rate slows to allow more time for the changing to occur. Such slowing is what begins the formation of a particle and its mass.
Thus to calculate the mass, one must know that amount of radiant energy within a given volume. When that radiant energy gets high enough, delays come about that in turn create more delays that in turn confines more of the radiant energy within the same amount of space. The radiant energy becomes confined.
The amount of radiance getting trapped is a function of the inverse of the propagation speed in that if the propagation speed were allowed to increase, the maximum rate of change would have to have increased and thus less delays would occur. And the amount of radiant energy within the same space would also decrease, RPtA/d. Thus the amount of delaying is a function of the inverse square of the propagation speed due to propagation speed causing the propagation to slow. And if the propagation speed only slightly increased, the amount of delay and thus the amount of mass, would drastically be reduced.
Mass = RPtA/d / c
Mass = (PtA/t /c) /c
Mass = Affectance / c^2
Or as more commonly know;
Affectance = Mass * c^2
Energy = mc^2
But now realize that the equation itself was not precise and the translation between the definitionally exact measurements in RM to those of observational physics has not been created. So this explanation has been purely conceptual in intent.
What is changing is the ability to change the ability to change. Nothing else exists at all.
And “energy” is that ability to change actually changing in the two forms of “potential to actually change” and “actual changing”, “potential energy” and “kinetic energy” or “PtA” and “Affectance”.
Energy can be expressed as the potential to cause change plus all of its time derivatives;
PtA
dPtA/dt
dPtA/dt^2
dPtA/dt^3
.
.
.
PtA is equivalent to “electric potential” in physics.
That question takes a lot of careful conceptual communication to answer. Let me give it a shot.
If we begin with the idea that every point in space has a potential to affect the potential next to it, we have to conclude that since there is nothing stopping it from doing so, such affecting will immediately take place and thus every point in space will immediately begin changing as it begins changing the points around it. Again, what is changing is only each point’s ability to change the other points. That is the fundamental makeup of physical reality.
Propagation merely refers to the chain of affects as point A affect point B which then affects point C which then affects point D and so on much like the domino effect.
That is the simple part. But logic dictate that there is more complexity involved because as each point affects the next, it is using up the amount of potential to cause that affect merely by actually causing it and thus, in effect, as any potential gives to another, that other is taking from the first.
This is like a rich man giving his money to a poor man. It is said that the wealth is passing to the poor man. But it is necessarily also true that the poorness is passing to the rich man. Thus for every direction of increasing affect, there must be a reverse direction decreasing of affect (which happens to be why energy is necessarily and always conserved).
And what gets complex is the fact that such increasing and decreasing of each PtA at each point causes each of those points to pass the affect along to the next point in line - propagation. And such is always happening in all directions at the same time.
If we take the concept of varied potentials to affect, PtA, distributed across a small line, we have to conclude that propagation will occur in both directions along that line.
But as that propagating takes place, each point is being affected from both sides by what was coming toward it from its left and also what was coming toward it from its right. Thus the point itself has the addition of both propagating affects.
That was still the easy part. What gets fun is realizing that as each wave of forward affecting propagates, it includes both increasing PtA affects as well as decreasing PtA affects traveling in the same direction at the same speed. And that is happening in both directions.
In the above pictorial, the red and blue segments indicate the decreasing and increasing affects, respectively. But note that there is increasing headed in both directions as well as decreasing in both directions. As those affects cross at each point, they add to the points PtA. Thus if both were increasing, that point increases more. If one was increasing and the other was decreasing, that point has the result of the addition of the increasing minus the decreasing and thus might not change much at all. But even if a point does not change in its total PtA, the propagation does not stop (it takes a lot more explanation to go into why it doesn’t).
So what you see as the green line in the pictorial is the actual result of propagating affects. It is a line that would appear to be rapidly and turbulently swaying up and down with no apparent pattern. That is what causes the “springiness of space” noted by physicists 100 years ago. That line represents the true and real state that all space is actually always in, always has been in, and always will be in. That fact can never change.
Modern quantum physics ontology basically agrees with the exception that they claim that such turbulence is due to magnetic bubbles popping into and out of reality on a Plank level, without cause. RM doesn’t accept causeless events as logically coherent.
RM’s Affectance Ontology vs Quantum Physics Ontology RM: The EM turbulence of space is due to a maximum change rate causing a finite propagation speed of EM waves QM: The EM turbulence of space is due to uncaused magnetic bubbles randomly popping in and out of reality.
QM gains statistical accuracy merely because they don’t need to know why things are happening in order to measure them. RM merely gives logically coherent explanation as to Why they see what they see and affords far more precise predictive potential.
You are going to make another snide comment.
What would QM predict about that?
For the 3rd time, that “thing” is Potential-to-Affect or in physics, “Electric Potential”.
If you have never thought about such things before, it takes a little getting used to. People had trouble accepting the notion of an invisible “gravity field” too… then the magic “magnetic field”, then the “electric field”.
For anything to be said to have existence, it must have the potential to affect something; Existence Meaningfully Defined. The most fundamental “thing” for it to be affecting is that potential. Thus on the most fundamental level of existence is merely the potential to affect the potential to affect. From the actual affecting of the potential, all forms of physical existence noted by physics logically arise.
I did understand the theory of this part, still I appreciate the clarification.
What I still wonder about is the foton. I can see how things sort of pop into existence as reaching a threshold of affectance, but this seems to be a local concern - what about the photon? What is the mechanism of radiant propagating potential to affect?
Another question: is there a minimum, a limit to the quantum of affectance, or units with the potential to affect? Because if it is infinitely small, how can we distinguish it from zero?
