the psychology of objectivism - one possible narrative

What always concerns me most about objectivism is the extent to which objectivists then pursue their “objective truth” as authoritarians – at least with respect to moral and political values.

What can we know factually [know factually] about the world around us and when can we only use particular facts [that we can know] in order to defend a set of values rooted [at least in part] in dasein and in conflicting goods.

Here von rivers and folks like James Saint seem inclined to agree that objectivism is derived only from an understanding of particular contexts; and that, therefore, are not applicable universally.

But then [to me] both somehow seem to project this sense of certainty regarding any particular moral and political issue – as though not to share their own value was to be irrational [and therefore immoral?]

Saint more or less from the right, rivers more or less from the left.

For me though these perspective are always just existential leaps – subject always to change.

On the other hand, some analysis seems more reasonable than others. I am more able to embrace Marx with respect to capitalism because he grounded it [as a political economy] in the historical evolution of actual human interaction [empirically, materially] over the centuries. Rand, on the other hand, starts with the assumption that rational human interaction can be understood [deduced]philosophically [metaphysically?] and that capitalism was aligned with these assumption – if you shared the very same assumptions she did about it.

Yes, of course, some arguments are simply better than others. I was not arguing for an egalitarian relativity. My only point was that regardless of how good an argument is, it always reaches its limits at the level of the basic assumptions (what Deleuze refers to as presuppositions). And it is this aspect that lends a great deal of credibility to your description and cause for despair since it is the thin air upon which they float that enables the authoritarian element to go right on believing as they do regardless of how good an argument you pose against it. This is because you can never overturn their assumptions since the assumptions you’re working from are also floating on thin air. It can only reduce to an impasse of assumptions or differends.

There was a term you once used having to due with incompatibility of arguments and consequent inability to effect one another: incomiserability -or something like that.

With respect to value judgments [i.e. capitalism vs. socialism] it is [to me] less thin air the arguments/assumptions rest on than the manner in which actual human behaviors can be deemed either good or bad as a component of Barrett’s “conflicting goods” [conflicting bads?]

And regarding the manner in which I construe dasein.

Marx described the actual organic, historical evolution of human social, political and economic interaction [nomadic, slash and burn, hunter and gatherer, feudal, mercantile etc] into the capitalist mode of production. Rand more or less concocted the ideal mode of human interaction in her head and then deduced that capitalism fits the bill.

It is in these two very different modes of analyzing human relationships over the years that I note with respect to “political economy”.

I then make suggestions regarding the limitations of both from the perspective of moral nihilism. But I’m sure there are plenty of limitations here as well.

Exactly. Both systems have become untestable because both have become disengaged. The disengagement is due to rhetoric with different signifiers, one a floating discernment and repetition if one and the other, an outdated analogy toward like minded models.

 The actual way may not obsessively  disclaim  and repeat the basic  underlying  rearward of alienation , only by the call  to action toward actions which  negative the abounding  rhetoric. A reversal  from  positivism forbearing  such  semantic games ; and a revaluedbehaviorist model may be the new  prescriptioni.  Whether, the springboard  from which  to leap has already been reconstructed., is too early  to see.

I have, recently, come to believe that while abstractions, such as Socialism vs. Capitalism, and the component principles involved with them, may be useful for the kind of language games we play here, in matters of social and political policy, we need to take the more pragmatic approach of thinking in terms of concrete policies that we think may work or have proven to do so. Of course, many of those policies might be tagged as being socialistic -that is since Limbaugh generally considers any policy that might actually help people, rather than Capitalists, to be such. But I can’t help but feel that the primary failure of German Social Democrats in post WWI and the failure of France’s present Socialist government are partially the result of coming into it with a lot of abstract notions (such as government ownership of the means of production) only to face depleted resources because they’re generally voted in out of desperation in the face of the failures of Capitalism. This only sets it up for failure out of kind of operationalism.

I fully agree with Ambig’s analysis that gives Marx privilege over Rand. And I’m humbly awed by the point:

“Marx described the actual organic, historical evolution of human social, political and economic interaction [nomadic, slash and burn, hunter and gatherer, feudal, mercantile etc] into the capitalist mode of production. Rand more or less concocted the ideal mode of human interaction in her head and then deduced that capitalism fits the bill.”

At the same time, I would argue that when comes to deciding on what policies to implement, the abstraction of Marx and socialism is such that it needs to be delegated to a kind of ambient background. But by the same token, it should equally so for Capitalism and its Neo Con proponents.

sorry, wrong thread

Which one can translates (in your narrative AND using your narratives terms) as your narrative views them as bad and since you have spend a huge amount of time trying to demonstrate this to others your are pursuing the spread of this narrative as a (rather nice) authority (who makes disclaimers sometimes.) (still within your narrative…) We have no way of knowing if the effects of the objectivists is bad or good, in the specific or as a whole, so the presence of lack of objectivists should each cause concern (if one Believes your narrative) as long as one is aware of the possiblity of objectivists. If I cannot know whether Walking through door A leads me to being carved up in Little pieces or if it will happen if I walk through door B, even if door B is analogous to the effects of the Objectivists on the World (and it where they compel me to walk through, I should be just as concerned about Walking through door A. I have no way of knowing what is good or bad.

Another way to sum up the narrative is

It would be better if everyone stopped using moral terms and just said and fought for what they wanted.

And maybe it would be a better World. Of course ants and wasps are like this, never couching things in moral terms and struggling for what they want.

(not that those examples prove anything and I have no idea who has the burden)

Yes, and we have been over this before. Dasein, conflicting goods and political economy are terms I use to express my own subjective narrative regarding what “I” construe to be the nature of objective narratives made applicable to moral and political values.

Which is just another way of noting the limitations of language in discussing relationships like this. Again, back to Wittgenstein’s, “Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.”

But, come on, who is kidding whom? Though we can’t speak of moral and political values objectively, we certainly cannot choose to be silent about them.

Not if we choose to interact WITH others.

Right?

But then that is when my narrative brings me back around to this:

There is an aspect of my own frame of mind [moral nihilism] that is particularly troubling for others. And it is troubling for me too: how can I think like I do and interact with others at all? If I am always of the opinion that 1] my own values are rooted in dasein and 2] that there are no objective values “I” can reach, then everytime I make one particular moral/political leap, I am admitting that I might just as well have gone in the other direction instead…Then “I” begins to fracture and fragment to the point there is nothing able to actually keep it together at all. At least not with respect to choosing sides morally and politically.

In my view, it is to avoid this very frame of mind themselves that others tend to resist [many mightily] accepting it as true.

Now, others can then argue that in professing it to be true I am in turn becoming fixated on it [psychologically] in the same manner in which I profess the moral and political objectivists become fixated on their own alleged truths – re this very thread.

But then that just brings us back around to how tricky language can be in attempts [like these] to align words with worlds.

Is there a way around that? Well, none that I have ever come across. Not yet. But in part that is why I still frequent places like this. I mean who really knows what the next post might bring.

Yes, but I addressed that on the mundane babble thread:

[i]What I want is no less embedded in dasein.

Why do I want one thing and not another? Why do I want one thing while others want something else? Why do I think I ought to behave in one manner rather than another? Why do I think I ought to behave in one manner while others think they ought to behave in another manner?

Of course others [who do not share my perspectives on dasein] might imagine I ought to want what they want…that I ought to behave as they behave. Why? Well, because they have come to conclude that what they want and how they behave is the most rational thing that one can want and the most rational manner in which one can behave.

Either way, what we want and how we think we ought to behave will become attached [existentially] to “goods” that come into conflict. Or will if we choose to interact with [around] others.

But how often are folks asked about these relationships so as to prompt/compel them to think about them in the manner in which I do?

If you wish to transcend dasein here the question to ask is: What do I need? Obviously, there are things that we all need in order to sustain our very existence.[/i]

It’s either discuss morality as best we can [subjectively as daseins in a world of conflicting goods and political economy] or live in a might makes right, survival of the fittest, dog eat dog world.

“According to Deleuze, “the mistake of dogmatism is always to fill that which separates, [while] that of empiricism is to leave external what is separated (Difference and Repetition, G. Deleuze)”. In other words, dogmatism posits an extra-worldly realm of essences that falsely unify the diversity of the world, while empiricism falls prey to a nominalistic atomism which treats all beings in terms of an indifferent diversity.” –Levi Bryant: Difference and Giveness.

As luck would have it, this extract from my Deleuze study puts a little shine on the conflicting agendas at work in objectivism -especially as it is practiced by Rand. Starting with latter point on empiricism, it seems to me that the primary limit being described here is empiricism’s obligation to work with isolated systems. And we can say as much as concerns “objectivity” which the objectivists claim to have some kind of firm commitment to. And we can agree with them that there are brute facts in the world that can be observed “objectively”. But what can statements that stay within these perimeters tell us?

1+1=2

Water boils at 212 degrees at atmospheric pressure

And even a relativistic hippy knows better than to step in front of a moving bus

(Not, BTW, that Capitalism is the only system under which individuals can reach their true potential)

Enough said. The problem here is that such statements (based on isolated systems) lack enough span or reach to justify collecting them into some over-riding ideology or “ism”. In this sense, the notion of objectivism becomes a kind of oxymoron. But this, clearly, is a complete blind spot to the objectivists in that they repeatedly fulfill the the previous point on dogmatism by filling in gaps with universal principles that falsely unify reality.

The only narrative I would ascribe to objectivism is that of a badge of authority that gives its practitioners a rationalization for making smug generalizations about reality and doing so as if they are talking about isolated systems that can be demonstrated. One only need look to the sci-fi speculations Rand made about what government intervention would lead to in order to see the hypocrisy she engaged in by calling her system objectivism. As far as I can tell, there was no collection of facts that led to her general conclusions. There was just a knee-jerk reaction to her experiences in Communist Russia and a flight to the other extreme that she then justified by adopting certain buzzwords such as “objectivity” or “facts”. And as impressive as these terms might seem, all she really developed was a dogma that she knew would work to her advantage among rich patrons.

The problem for me is that a lot of people would like to convince you that they started with the facts and worked their way to a conclusion. And they will do so to make seem as if it gives some kind advantage over everyone else. But all it really adds up to is a con job that appeals to doxa: socially programmed responses to socially programmed cues. We would all like to be so above the fray. But as far as I can tell, we all start with experiences (generally of the emotional and anecdotal kind) and dispositions. To act as if one is so special as to bypass or overcome this starting point can only be a form of self deception.

“Which is just another way of noting the limitations of language in discussing relationships like this. Again, back to Wittgenstein’s, “Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.””

It would be important to note that even Wittgenstein had to abandon this agenda which, if I understand it right, is how he arrived at the concept of language games. This, in turn, may have been a precursor to Deleuze’s argument that philosophy is a form of conceptual play that involves the creation of new concepts. As you said:

“But, come on, who is kidding whom? Though we can’t speak of moral and political values objectively, we certainly cannot choose to be silent about them.”

Wittgenstein couldn’t do it. The objectivists, as I tried show above, couldn’t. Nor could anyone who wanted to engage in philosophy. It is this human impulse, I believe, that ultimately leads to the self contradiction and hypocrisy that inevitably emerges in anyone who neurotically harps on such terms as objectivity, facts, Truth with a capital T, the scientific method, etc., that is as compared those who choose to simply follow these principles, without flouting them, to make their case. As you know as well as I, ambig, encounters with such people more often than not degrade into debates over the legitimacy of such terms as compared to the legitimacy of the argument itself.

The silly thing about it, to me, is that use of such terms seems a little redundant in that everyone, to some extent or other, defer to these principles since they are generally accepted as legitimate tools by which to build an argument. Take, for instance, the scientific method. Don’t we all, to some degree of formality (including the informal) form our ideas about how things hang together then test them against reality? Then, according to how they hold up, go back to our mental labs and either build on them or revise? And who doesn’t prefer to back their assertions with objective facts when they are available? It’s just how anyone who thinks naturally works. Beyond that, all there is is the question of who the argument works for: the ever present matter of resonance and seduction.

“If error is foreign to philosophy, if it cannot be that which philosophy strives to avoid, this is for no other reason than that philosophy is ill equipped to deliver us denotative truths about reality or the world. Philosophy is not an empirical practice, even among those who call themselves empiricists. It is never a matter of making true or false statements about states of affairs in the world, but rather a practice of creating and critiquing concepts. Philosophical claims pertain not to referential truths but rather to the medium of basic concepts that free a region of experience so that referential judgments might be made at all. Before one can discourse about the world, the sense of the world must have already announced itself.” –Levi Bryant: Difference and Giveness

One of things that is emerging for me in this study is the similarity between philosophy, as a form of conceptual play, and mathematics and even science. In the sense of conceptual play, philosophy, given the armchair discipline it is, must admittedly also work with the isolated systems of the abstractions we create. This, for instance, is why paradox is the field in which philosophy dominates. We use the concepts of space and the way distance breaks down into infinite digress in order to establish why it is Zeno’s arrow will never reach its target. But that doesn’t mean any one of us would go prancing around between an archer and their target. One would think us smart enough to recognize the difference between reality and conceptual play. But at the same time, doesn’t this suggest a similarity between what the mathematician and the philosopher does? Doesn’t the mathematician also play with numbers (quite often (simply for the sake of playing with numbers –that is with no regard to whether what they’re doing actually refers to reality or not? But it is this kind of play, a sort of brainstorming, that can lead to some very real implications.

(At the same time, some of the most dangerous people in this world are those who want to bypass the play, because it doesn’t serve their serious purposes, and get to the real implications. These people want to own reality.)

The last sentence:

“Before one can discourse about the world, the sense of the world must have already announced itself.”

:refers to the initial encounter with the object/event in which, for a split second, we are completely stupid and intuitive. This is the point at which the sensible is bombarded with information but hasn’t quite processed it. At this point, the mind/brain complex starts repeating the different singularities through the different faculties (in a sense similar to Dennett’s multiple draft theory) until it composes them into a coherent concept. At this point, the object/event is being passed back and forth between the sensible and thought. The important thing to recognize here is that, given this process, there is no hierarchy between the sensible (intuition) and thought (concept). There is only a relationship that produces our experience of reality. Our initial encounter with the object/event is naturally creative. This is reflected in language in the way we listen to what the other has to say and base our understanding of it on similar sentences we have heard, then proceed to answer it with a sentence unlike any we have spoken based on previous sentences we have uttered. Our encounters, like the language we use to describe them, are inherently creative.

It just seems like philosophy should reflect that.

And just to give you sense of the connection, Ambig, between my present study and what you’re doing here, to let you know I’m not just arbitrarily importing this stuff:

“Perspective is the structure wherein the subject unfolds and without which it would not be. In this respect, perspective is similar to Heidegger’s being-in-the-world [or Dasein as you like to put it]. Perspective is the inseparability of the subject from its world. In other words, the perspective is not in the subject; rather, the subject is in the perspective.” -Levi Bryant: Difference and Giveness

In this sense, we can see how misconceptions, such as objectivism, can result from assuming the subject/object dichotomy or the failure to recognize the truth of Dasein as you would put it. It is also behind Deleuze’s assertion of the truth of relativity (that is by virtue of the perspective of Dasein) as compared to the relativity of truth (which results from the dogma of the subject/object dichotomy).

That said, I would also note the role played by the moral dimension of repetition (or that which can be perfectly repeated) as pointed out in the original text:

“Moralists sometimes present the categories of Good and Evil in these terms: every time we try to repeat according to nature or as natural beings (repetition of a pleasure, of a past, of a passion) we throw ourselves into a demonic and already damned exercise [difference –my addition] which can only end in despair or boredom. The Good, by contrast, holds out the possibility of repetition, of successful repetition and the spirituality of repetition, because it depends not upon a law of nature but on a law of duty, of which, as moral beings, we cannot be subjects without also being legislators. What is Kant’s ‘highest test’ if not a criterion for what can, in principle, be reproduced –in other words, what can be repeated without contradiction in the form of moral law? The man of duty invented a ‘test’ of repetition; he decided what could be repeated.” -Difference and Repetition, pg. 4

If we really look at what the pseudo-objectivists are trying to do, we see how the moral imperative of perfect repeatability has bled, through a residual effect, into the assertions of those who would make claims concerning their adherence to the criteria of “objectivity”, “facts” (that is when they’re usually talking about data), and the “scientific method”. In effect, what they are asking us to do is to accept their conjectures and speculations based on their almost religious faith in these terms as a kind of moral imperative –much as we are suppose to accept the authority of a priest based on their commitment to Christianity or any religion for that matter.

This is one of the cool things about French philosophy to me: it doesn’t approach the authoritarian element from an us-and-them perspective; it looks, rather, to the core of the human predicament common to us all to find the source of the authoritarian perspective. In this sense, it has never been as important as it is now.

wrong thread – sorry

Why? Because it doesn’t make you the guru? Actually, I think everything I have said is perfectly pertinent:

You offered one narrative of the psychology of objectivism. I offered others via Delueze. And generally when I create strings like this, rather than snub down my nose at the input of others, I consider it my responsibility to bring it back on track.

Frankly, Ambig, I’m a little repulsed by you right now.

But you avoid this also. Sometimes you say you Believe it. Much of the time you write as if objetivists are wrong and silly and dangerous. What if you actually accepted it, in the World, on the ground? What if it affected your full range of actions, and not just metaconversations like this one?

This may also be true, though to be clear, it is not the Point I make above. Iambiguous, acting in the World, has been a progressive and still has progressive outbursts and will tend to be more critical of conservatives and warmongers and racists and so on. In this tendency a stand is taken that goes against the position. You do not toss a dime up in the air and choose political reactions. You act as if you know what is worse.

And then in your longest thread, you repeatedly mock and put down objectivists.

One could read your line about what others resisting a frame of mind AS implying or is it stating that you do not resist. But you resist all the time. You have a cake and eat it too set up.

Can you see how you implicitly, as rhetoric, imply it is clear which is worse?

(if by any chance you do not mean to imply the choice is obvious, you might possibly be able to see how it must come across to most readers)

It seems to me you have not really tried believing your position all the time. Mull over what this would be like and the reasons you do not actually do this.

Agreed. This is the closing of the mind.
Seek to know. Never believe in anything. Faith is the empty cup of knowledge.

Sorry, bro, but, just as with many intellectuals like Delueze, I now tend to pull back from them. Too abstract, too abstruse for what I am doing here. I am not NOT a serious philosopher. To me, it’s all about identity and value judgments and political economy “down here”.

I started out at ILP posting a lot in the philosophy forum. But it just didn’t seem to go over all that well. Folks didn’t seem to “get” me. Especially some of the…moderators. Kept getting “warned”. Or so it seemed.

So now I just hang out in the other forums. Waiting for godot as it were.

Nothing personal though. With me it never is. Not even tangling with the objectivists or the fucking Kids.

I do believe that many objectivists are wrong and silly. Also, that if they get into a position of power over others they can be quite dangerous. Often with the best of intentions.

But I don’t predicate that on Science or Philosophy or God. Or on something said to be Rationally or Metaphysically or Objectively true. Instead, I offer folks my own subjective understanding of myself “out in the world” from the perspective of dasein, conflicting goods and political economy.

Knowing full well that in the past I believed something other than I do now; and knowing that I might come upon a new experience or meet someone new or even read the next post here at ilp and come to believe something else.

But, in part, it is because I still believe what I do now that I have choosen to disengage from others by and large. In other words for the reason I noted above.

But I have no illusions about my “progressive” ideas. They are deeply embedded existentially in my past experiences, relationships, and sources of information. But others who embrace more conservative narratives think much the same of their own behaviors.

It then only comes down to the extent to which they think as they do because they are able to convince themselves that what they think necessarily conveys the most rational [ethical] manner in which to think about these things.

Well, I don’t have access to this point of view anymore.

And if someone thinks those who still do embrace it have the potential to be dangerous if they take their political values and reconfigure them into some sort of ideological Truth…then they think like I do.

What “in the world” does that mean though? I live what I believe by, in part, disengaging from the world of political interaction. I now often feel profoundly fractured and fragmented in reacting to the news from day to day. I see all the different arguments from all the different sides…and I filter them through dasein and conflicting goods.

Then [again] this:

How can I think like I do and interact with others at all? If I am always of the opinion that 1] my own values are rooted in dasein and 2] that there are no objective values “I” can reach, then everytime I make one particular moral/political leap, I am admitting that I might just as well have gone in the other direction instead…Then “I” begins to fracture and fragment to the point there is nothing able to actually keep it together at all. At least not with respect to choosing sides morally and politically.

This is what I believe here and now.

And this is what I believe others do not want to believe about themselves. They want some sort of objective moral and political Truth they can attach “I” to. Thus objectivism [to me] becomes more and more embodied in human psychology.

It seems like you do do this. You explain why one can know things in science but not about morals. To do this you present models of reality and what is possible for humans.

But my general Point was more like, if you really believed you could not know, then you wouldn’t waste time criticizing them, mocking them or trying to show they are being silly. I see below that you have pulled back from political activity. Well, THAT is consistant. But this is political activity online.

You would do what you want and avoid objective type discussions, like this one. That is what someone who actually believed there was no way to know what is moral or not would do. I mean, they might kill themselves. They might be hypocrits and enter these types of discussions - perhaps just to fuck with people. But if they actually believed there was no way to even know if objectivists are doing harm, which means if any possible moral position is detrimental or beneficial, then ONE MIGHT AS WELL DO WHAT ONE WANTS AND THERE IS NO REASON NOT TO. If you want to be kind to people, well, you might as well do that. If you want to hurt them, well do that, if the risks involved do not create counterdesires. If you want to go to a Movie, yuo would do that.

That is what is left when there are no morals, or when one Thinks one cannot know what is right, when it is mere guesswork.

Sure, but for all you know it might be a good thing. So you don’t know if challenging it, as you repeatedly do is doing more harm than good. It’s a coin toss. Seems like a waste of energy to me, given your perspective.

But you present this as if you have to solve this problem Before you could interact with people. Hardly. Most activities do not require working this out or even raising the issue.

And you can just say - oh, I don’t like that
if, for example your chess, bowling, book club, beer drinking partner
makes a racist remark.

Maybe they will want to defend the remark by appeals to what seem like objective arguments.
You can just repeat, Oh, but I don’t like that. But I am enjoying your Company, let’s talk about the book, the weather, bowling, the behavior of bees, how your wife’s cancer is doing and so on.

Yes, perhaps some people will find this odd enough to push on. And maybe in these instances you can’t interact with them. But I bet most don’t even notice. And you can just interact with those who tolerate it.

heck, sometimes you can even share your guess on a subject that rubs up on morals. they objective speak, you speak in I Think and want. But it seems like, in general, you would see no Point in either 1) Calling into question their objectivism - since for all you know this is you being bad and 2) discussing morals in general.

What is the psychology of repeatedly doing something that for all you know is bad and for all you Think is pointless?

Then we are stuck I guess. I don’t believe that I do.

And what scientifically can be communicated to folks from all the different sides of all the different conflicting value judgments such that it would be irrational not to believe it? That is basically my point. To make this distinction. And that seems [to me] to be as close as we can get to what is true objectively.

I believe this only “here and now” though. I don’t know how to explain that any better. And since I believed something other than what I believe now before I can only assume that I might believe something other than what I believe now later.

And my “mocking” style is rooted more in my online persona. I am a polemicist. I have always enjoyed dueling with others in places like this – using words as swords. Being provocative can often bring out the best arguments in others.

But, sure, who really knows what – subconsciously, unconsciuously – motivates me in turn. The subjunctive frame of mind is always beyond our grasping fully. Or mine always has been.

Yes, there is always that option. You can begin with the assumption that morality revolves solely around whatever it is that makes you feel good. You weigh the pros and the cons in regard to possible consequences and then you do whatever it is you think you can get away with.

But whatever it is you think makes you feel good is still rooted largely in dasein. And that approach to life as “good” is certainly going to come into conflict with others if what you perceive to be good for you is perceived to be bad for them.

Then it becomes either a dog eat dog, survival of the fittest, might makes right world or you agree to moderate your behaviors through negotiation and compromise. Through democracy, for example. And [always] within the context of political economy – taking into account the role that wealth and power will always play here.

My point is only this: that there does not seem to be an option whereby folks are able to determine [rationally, logically] what is fact the only truly objective moral truth to be had.

Sure, any particular objectivist doctrine may well in fact be the best of all possible worlds. But those who espouse them still have to present me with an argument that counters the points I make regarding dasein, conflicting goods and political economy.

After all, there are hundreds and hundreds of dogmas out there, right? Why should we believe that one rather than another is the true font for enlightenment? And yet the reasoning given by these folks seems to reflect more than just a flip of the coin to decide which way to go. But that’s what we do. From a particular subjective point of view we take our existential leaps along the moral and political continuum.

This makes sense [to me] only if you literally choose to live apart from all others. Then you don’t have to concern yourself with questions of “morality” at all. But as soon as others enter the picture there is the possibility of conflict. What choice then is there? You have to make an existential leap to one set of rules rather than another. It then comes down to the extent to which someone begins to argue that you should abandon moderation, negotiation and compromise and instead embrace a set of behaviours predicated [allegedly] on some religious or secular Truth.

The alleged objective truth. Again, always theirs.