Hi tentative,
Patience, something like this question takes time!
our own understanding of the world
Without using known philosophies and viewpoints it is difficult to start, since the development of such has taken longer than we can perceive. Our ‘own’ understanding will always be coloured by the understanding we encounter in other people. Human Beings have always shared their observations and learnt from each other, rather than try what many attempt to do today – to find originality in every statement or deed.
There are apparently two approaches to an understanding of the world, one of them physical or material, the other metaphysical (but not immaterial). Both began with assumptions that were investigated and developed if there was something reliable about the assumption, or discarded if it was found to be unreliable. The first would probably be the method of sustaining life and establishing homeostasis, then to (following Maslow) move up the hierarchy of needs (physiological, safety, love, and esteem) that must be satisfied before a person can act unselfishly.
Consequently I see the struggle of mankind as the struggle to get out of the ‘deficiency needs’ and into the desire to become more and more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming – self actualisation. It is here that Humankind realises intuitively that a presence has accompanied them. That something has meant for this stage of existence to happen and that we were sliding towards it all along – except when we hindered one another. That is when people can remain caught up in the need for esteem, since wanting admiration has of course to do with a need for power, and such people invariably fail to enter self-actualisation.
Seeking knowledge, peace, aesthetic experience, self-fulfilment, oneness with the source of life (i.e. the Mystery, G-d, Allah, Brahman etc.) or finding Nirvana, or ‘the Way’ or Tao is something that many people just haven’t got time for. Either they are caught up in deficiency needs, have an unhealthy need for esteem or have a bias against self-actualisation. Their bias is very often the over-accentuation of materialism, and perhaps a strong dedication to rationality and reason, disregarding the importance of intuition.
Those who go through self-actualisation are very often people who find an affinity with those who have made a similar experience and can usually accept that the experience isn’t exactly the same. I associate ‘Spirituality’ with self-actualisation, because these terms describe the same thing from a different angle. Spiritual people usually recognise and acknowledge each other (it is often the pupils of such people who see competition in the variance of teaching) because they know that they both have only scratched the surface, and, like the redefinition self-actualisation, spiritual experience is episodic.
I believe that we can all remain by those traditions we were brought up in, as long as we are willing to reform them to the state of mythology and review some expectancies that were expressed. Christianity for example must accept that ‘the Way’ of Jesus was transformed by the theology and pupils of Paul into the ‘Christology’ that we know today. That Christology has become increasingly fundamentalised since Luther and is one of the basic dangers to world peace today. But several Religions show this transfer from ‘faith’ to ‘belief’ and are for this reason equally as dangerous.
our place within our own understanding of the world
I find my own place within ‘the Way’ of Jesus as a follower of a person who became a myth shortly after his execution. We must know that we have no direct connection to the historical Jesus, although I believe sincerely that he was a real person. As a follower of Jesus, I believe that Religion is basically about trusting a basic set of principles and living by them, whether in an oppressed society or in freedom. In both circumstances there is varying acceptance or rejection from others.
It is about ‘searching, asking and knocking on doors’ and not about knowledge.
‘The Way’ as I call it, leaning on the historical indication that the early followers of Jesus called their movement something similar, is basically pacifistic, but not dogmatic about it. The movement was never and should not be passive in any way, and should expect a reaction to whatever they do, in whatever way it may be expressed. It is not an indifferent movement, but moved by compassion and concern for others – even for those who have possibly declared themselves enemies. The Cross, as a metaphor of violent opposition to insurgency, is always a possibility and should not be ruled out, but the Way is not an uprising, but a consequential resolve to follow the principles that have shown themselves to be reliable.
how we should conduct ourselves
I personally find Maslow’s Self-Actualizing characteristics very helpful for putting spirituality in a modern perspective. That woruld mean that religious people:
- Have a keen sense of reality - aware of real situations - and strive for objective judgement, albeit knowing that we are all subjective
- see problems in terms of challenges and situations requiring solutions, rather than see problems as personal complaints or excuses
- have a need for privacy and are comfortable being alone
- are reliant on own experiences and judgement - independent - not reliant on culture and environment to form opinions and views
- are not susceptible to social pressures - non-conformist
- are democratic, fair and non-discriminating - embracing and enjoying all cultures, races and individual styles
- are socially compassionate - possessing humanity
- accept others as they are and do not try to change people
- are comfortable with themselves - despite any unconventional tendencies
- have a few close intimate friends rather than many surface relationships
- have a sense of humour directed at oneself or the human condition, rather than at the expense of others
- are spontaneous and natural - true to oneself, rather than being how others want
- are excited and interested in everything, even ordinary things
- are creative, inventive and original
- seek peak experiences that leave a lasting impression
Shalom
Bob