[b]May 31, 2005. 01:00 AM
Madly in love: Not just a myth
Scientists track activity in brain
New romance likened to craving
BENEDICT CAREY
THE NEW YORK TIMES[/b]
New love can look for all the world like mental illness, a blend of mania, dementia and obsession that cuts people off from friends and family and prompts out-of-character behaviour — compulsive phone calling, serenades, yelling from rooftops — that could almost be mistaken for psychosis.
Now for the first time, neuroscientists have produced brain scan images of this fevered activity, before it settles into the wine and roses phase of romance or routines of long-term commitment.
In an analysis of the images appearing in today’s Journal of Neurophysiology, researchers in New York and New Jersey argue romantic love is a biological urge distinct from sexual arousal. It is closer in its neural profile to drives like hunger, thirst or drug craving, the researchers assert, than to emotional states like excitement or affection. As a relationship deepens, the brain scans suggest, the neural activity associated with romantic love alters slightly, and in some cases primes areas deep in the primitive brain that are involved in long-term attachment.
The research helps explain why love produces such disparate emotions, from euphoria to anger to anxiety, and why it seems to become even more intense when it’s withdrawn. In a separate, ongoing experiment, the researchers are analyzing brain images from people whose lovers rejected them.
In the study, a computer-generated map of particularly active regions showed passion-related areas, hot spots deep in the brain below conscious awareness, in areas called the caudate nucleus and the ventral tegmental area. These areas are dense with cells that produce or receive a brain chemical called dopamine, which circulates actively when people desire or anticipate a reward.
The intoxication of new love mellows with time, of course, and brain scan findings reflect some evidence of this change, said study co-author Dr. Helen Fisher, of Rutgers University.