I would suggest that it has to be based on decentralisation. I don’t subscribe to what the traditional definition of Communism prescribes, because it has an obvious single point of failure, the state, which is required under the circumstances to be very bloated and have control over literally everything.
Capitalism always results in extreme levels of centralisation, due to the inevitable concentrated accumulation of capital and its control over the means of production, big agribusiness being a perfect example. If one of the few highly concentrated means of production is somehow disrupted, then the entire supply chain is too, and it essentially affects everybody and has a huge negative effect on the entire economy. Single points of failure.
Decentralised systems, for example the internet, open source software, certain types of cryptocurrency, bit-torrent technology, or in nature, mycelium, are highly resilient and have no single point of failure. I would suggest there is something to learn there.
Some AI laziness:
Fungi, particularly through their underground mycelial networks, exhibit a highly decentralized structure that enables resilience, adaptability, and collective problem-solving without a central authority. This decentralized nature is exemplified by the mycelium, which functions as a distributed intelligence network capable of bi-directional communication, environmental feedback processing, and coordinated responses across vast areas.
Mycelium operates as a decentralized organism with no central control, allowing the network to survive even if parts are compromised.
The network communicates through molecular signals, enabling collective decision-making regarding resource use, reproduction, and defense against competitors.
This decentralized system is compared to human-made decentralized networks such as the internet, neural networks, and Bitcoin, all of which rely on distributed authority for resilience and evolution.
Paul Stamets describes mycelium as “earth’s natural internet” and “the wood wide web,” highlighting its role in information and nutrient exchange across ecosystems.
The decentralized nature of fungi has inspired applications in sustainable technology, including bioremediation, carbon sequestration, and biodegradable materials.