Critic my research paper main argument

Although the notion of pragmatism being applied into education is refuted by Hannah Arendt for she attributes it as the root cause of the crisis in education in America because its central concept of “learning is doing” branches out the problems of the forfeiture of authority of the teachers and adults as well as the concept of the teachers’ mastery the of subject-matter or its content.

Nevertheless the influence of John Dewey’s notion of pragmatism applied in the American educational system (which later then also influenced other countries’ educational system) such as the pedagogical reform movement called as progressive education that flourished in the late nineteenth century cannot be considered as the reason for the deterioration of education in America.

Because as much as the crisis in education points out that concept of the adults (teacher) authority and the need of mastery of the subject matter or content as significant factors that got lost in the reforms of progressive education, the progressive education values these factors much as well

The first criticism I’d have is of the English - it’s very hard to parse and follow the arguments you’re making. If English isn’t your first language, I appreciate the difficulties. However, as it stands it takes far more effort to read than is necessary.

Other than that, it’s three statements; I’m afraid I don’t know whether they’re true or not, as I’ve not studied Arendt or Dewey’s educational theories. It’s weird that the third paragraph claims that progressive education reforms lost the concept of teacher authority/mastery but also that progressive education values it. If it values authority, why would its reforms not show that?

So what did Arendt mean by 'pragmatic" education, and what did she think was wrong with it?

Yeah I am not an english-native speaker but I believe I can communicate better than that. it is just that I used the Instant Thesis Maker Format in Belcher’s Work Book to come up with an argument.

Hannah Arendt critiques that the authority of teachers are lost in the concept of progressive education, wherein fact it did not totally diminished the authority of the teachers instead it was just reformed in the notion that learning is not centered in them (teachers) nor the books but on the learners themselves.

Pragmatic Education is a concept popularized by John Dewey in the notion of progressive education. It states that learning is doing. In order to fully grasp the meaning of the thing, the learner must actively experience it instead of passively receive it from the teacher or books. Arendt critiques that this is wrong because without the authority of the teachers, childrens are more prone to make fallible actions and decisions since they are not mature yet enough to live and decide by themselves.

I have to agree with H_O…

That should probably be 4-5 sentences.
So okay, she doesn’t like the idea of learning by doing over bowing to faith in the preaching from teachers, “believe what we say, not what you see”.

Again, that needs to be several sentences.
And so Dewey thinks that the trouble in education isn’t due to any “hands-on” issues, but something else. What is that something else?

Again, very poor sentence structure. I get the impression that you are trying too hard to be scholarly in your writing. Don’t try so hard. “Get real”.

And so okay, now we see that your opinion, seemingly unsupported, is that “progressive education” values “teacher-preach” as much (or more - can’t tell from your sentence structure) as “seeing for oneself is believing for oneself”.

The issue is far more complicated than the issue of hands-on education. So I have to agree with Dewey in that regard. And what is “progressive” these days, actually? You have the Science mind type of progress, founded on “Nullius in Verba” (“Take no ones word”) and you have “We socialist-scientists are the ONLY holy prophets to whom the world shall praise and bow.” Seems like Dewey is more of the first type of “progress” and whats-her-name is more of the second.

Omit word.

What exactly is being refuted; that pragmatism has been applied to education, or that it should be applied to education, and exactly how does your following explanation establish this? Also, based on that explanation you gave, ‘mitigated’ would be a better word than ‘refute’.

Does Arendt claim the concept of ‘learning is doing’ has successfully been implemented into the American education system or that the concept itself, though not directly applied, has managed to have an effect? Assuming the former; is she claiming that actual teacher and adult authority over students has decreased?

How does the concept of ‘learning is doing’ effect teachers’ mastery of content? Is it that the teachers have found less impetus to obtain this mastery, or is it just that they’re assumed by others to have less mastery, consequently effecting their authority?

Of course the advocates of that ideology would claim to value those factors, but did the original advocates predict such potential problems, and offer solutions, or at least just make it clear in some way that they value those factors, or are the advocates only claiming this now as a defense? Basically, is it being claimed that the problems of teacher authority and mastery are not the fault of this ideology, or that these aren’t actually problems effecting the educational crisis at all - only speculation by opponents of the progressive education ideology?

If this is what she believes then she is wrong.
Clearly you need a teacher to oversee the “doing” , and judge and criticise the work, but kids basically learn nothing without application.
Imagine learning about addition, subtraction without trying out a few problems? Ridiculous.

This is an example :

hannaharendtcenter.org/?tag= … -education

Most American kids don’t even understand English well enough to start learning the grammar of another language. What are you supposed to do?

I learnt English purely by doing. My attempt to learn ancient Greek was through text and grammar alone.

Mature reflection makes me think that BOTH methods are important applied simultaneously. Were we to take Arendt at her word we would have people able to write technically good foreign languages, but with no ability to make conversation!

Point of anachronism: Hannah didn’t know what the fuck an “app” was.

And no, APPS will never replace a good conversation by a good speaker, but are more likely to replace the formal method she advocates.

This is but one subject. It ought not to be extended to ALL. But I would say that both methods for most subjects are useful.
Art and Crafts without a pragmatic approach would be useless, for example.

Critics appeal that pragmatist style in education as applied should be mitigated

Yes. Her essay entitled crisis in education critiques the new education called as progressive education being applied in America that time, caused the downgrade of its educational system as reflected by the students’ performance.

Yes. She stated that the children were abducted from the adults’ authority as the education promotes students autonomy, therefore, adults such as teachers did not interfere with the students’ learning for it might go against their autonomy.

Because Teachers do not consider themselves anymore as the authority (source) of knowledge, they do not master their subject matter anymore for they see no important reason in doing such, most especially that it is believed that children should construct learning base on their own experience.

As Arednt states, yes; teachers already lose the motive of the mastering for the same reasons stated above. Also, progressive education contradicts the notion that education must not be the transmitting of knowledge from the books and from the past to the present, therefore teachers see that as a reason to dodge the responsibility of being a towering-intellectual authority in school.

John Dewey always give special emphasis into these factors (which is pointed by the critics to be lost), Talk about Experience and Education, Democracy and Education, The Child and the Curriculum. Dewey never failed to clearly state their functions in his pedagogic movement. Dewey already predicted that definitely there will be lapses in this education, most especially that this is a newly conceptualized one, also, he have already foreseen as well that educators might misinterpret this notion of child-centered education.

Yes, it is claimed that with pragmatism’s influences these are its effect causing a crisis in education after all.

Any suggestions and comments on how will I construct a strong structure of my argument with this? Thank you in advance

You misunderstood my last question. Do you believe Arendt when she says that teachers have lost mastery?

You do realise that she died in 1975?

Seriously how many teachers do you know? At what level, and what study are you basing your statement on?

Maybe you are a teacher, of know one or two.
But without consulting millions of teachers you have no warrant for your sweeping statement.

Mastery. This is what she wrote in 1954:

skhole.fr/hannah-arendt-extract- … ent-crisis

Play=work; Doing is learning: pragmatic model
Child group autonomy
Expert teacher, not master of subject.

Great so what?

Does she have an alternative?
How does she justify this caricature?

She writes about that in general terms at the end of the essay.

la.utexas.edu/users/hcleaver/330 … dTable.pdf

Thank you for posting those quotes, Phyllo. I doubt I’ll read enough on the subject to determine if her observations on the actual changes in teaching due to effects of such ideology have validity, but her arguments as to how teaching should be approached seem well done.

Honesty should be the focus, so the question then is, what form is more honest. It seems that much over one or two hundred years ago, education was almost entirely classical based, meaning ancient Greek and Latin. If a classics teacher were to try to pass off such teachings as a direct reflection on the modern world, then that would be dishonest, but it seems that no institutionalized teaching has ever been willing to make statements about the contemporary world. That almost goes without saying because truth rarely flatters those in charge in contemporary times, and so would be repressed. So the classics education while censored, is honest so long as it doesn’t claim to be anything else.

Then to be more pragmatic one can learn skills to better make a living in the world. If it is clear that this is not a replacement style for classical education, but simply something completely different, then this form of education’s honesty is in its effects; if the student learns to successfully implement it or not.

The question then becomes what various parents or communities in general expect of their children. If they have no confidence in teaching them the classics, or something like that, then so be it, let them have job training and learn so-called life skills. But, if that is all one expects their children capable of or their educational system capable of providing (due to budget issues, etc.) then be honest about it. Arentd is correct in saying that learning-by-doing gives students no foundation for a broader perspective on the world.

But, then a classical education doesn’t automatically give a student anymore perspective, it simply gives them a basis should they wish to obtain one. Education is always going to be conforming, but if its a quality one, then should the student become independent minded enough to have his own thoughts and strength to correctly perceive the world based in his own direct observations, he will find himself extremely grateful for the classical education he received.

But, when concerning one with no mind of his own, unless he wishes to be a classical teacher himself, or is rich and finds it useful for idol conversation, he will likely resent the time “wasted” learning the classics or basics, and will wish he was simply told how it is he could live in the world, in the time, place, and situation he finds himself in, with as little effort as possible.

With that said, modern days institutions, likely more than ever, encourage conformity and reliance. One who has not been taught facts, and fundamentals in thinking, will forever be reliant on living in the way that their skill set is useful, in other words would be reliant on the institution which provides such opportunities or work.

In my experience public schools are neither teaching the basics or life-skills to any quality extent, but are highly focused on so-called independent thinking. Where, one is not taught what is so, or how to do something, but simply taught that whatever thought that comes to their mind, as long as it’s within a socially acceptable construct, is as valid as any other.

What’s ironic is that such an education is perfect for the life and occupations most Americans will have. One learns to tolerate idiocy from others, and not to appear to be too intelligent themselves; perfect for the growing service industry which is essentially what most jobs, whether considered professional or blue-collar, are coming to. Here the customer, whether one ordering food at a restaurant or ordering large qualities of merchandise or services from a corporation, is always right, so long as he can pay, and no degree of nonsense is to be disrespected.