The key difference is that a virus can behave as if it has a purpose without actually intending anything. It reproduces because of its biology, but it doesn’t seem to have an awareness of what it’s doing. A person can actually have intentions, think about goals, and choose between them. So it’s not so much about purposeful behavior, but whether there’s a conscious subject behind the purpose.
Intentions found in the latter but not the former: finding love, making friends, playing games, creating art, deepening understanding, hiding farts, making jokes, challenging one’s assumptions, cooking, getting better sleep, taking revenge…
Yeah, creation beyond oneself is probably what most clearly separates the human from the virus.
Obviously humanity is a virus upon the planet in many ways and all that is largely unintentional - just Capital. Capital makes humanity into its blind, virus-like tools. I don’t mean money, or trade or economy or even greed, all that can be pretty generative and creative.
I’m glad you found the most important attribute, in my list, that separates us from viruses. I personally think they are intentionally not holding back farts. They can transfer genes without reproduction. Given their speed of making next generation of viruses and their long history on earth, if they wanted GIs and farts, they would have organized it, from the bottom up, puns intended.
Different levels of development of living matter with different adaptive capabilities - a virus will die out in unfavorable conditions, but a person can adapt and survive.
“If someone in public happens to pass gas loudly, people are so startled, it is as if it were the voice of a spirit. So intoxicated are we when we are a public.”
Not only did you find an excellent quote by a Christian no less, he’s really going after something rather deep about humans - our strange ego ideals - and yet using farts. Put my use of farts to shame.
A ‘person’ is the invisible thoughts and emotions within a human body.
A ‘virus’ is a visible infectious particle that cannot reproduce on its own and must invade a living cell to make copies of itself.
So, although both live within human bodies one is invisible while the other is visible to the human eyes.
If a human body has done something that was intended, (usually referred to as a behavior), then this was an intentional (personal) purpose, while if a human body has reacted, and not done something that was intended, then this was an unintentional (impersonal) reaction.
If you cannot directly tell a reaction from a mis/behavior, and thus tell what was done intentionally from unintentionally, then you could always just ask the other for clarification.
The fact that people are born innately curious, wanting to learn, and want to love and care for others is one difference between viruses and persons. Unless, of course, viruses have this innate ability or nature also.